A strong and expanding evidence base supports the influence of gut microbiota in human
metabolism. Altered glucose homeostasis is associated with altered gut microbiota, and is …

Humans, like all mammals, partition their daily behaviour into activity (wakefulness) and rest
(sleep) phases that differ largely in their metabolic requirements. The circadian clock …

NAFLD is closely linked with hepatic insulin resistance. Accumulation of hepatic
diacylglycerol activates PKC-ε, impairing insulin receptor activation and insulin-stimulated …

In 1995, the nuclear hormone orphan receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR, NR1H4) was
identified as a farnesol receptor expressed mainly in liver, kidney, and adrenal gland of rats …

Adipose tissue is a major site of energy storage and has a role in the regulation of
metabolism through the release of adipokines. Here we show that mice with an adipose …

The signaling component of the mammalian Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) family is
comprised of eighteen secreted proteins that interact with four signaling tyrosine kinase FGF …

While modernization has dramatically increased lifespan, it has also witnessed the
increasing prevalence of diseases such as obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. Such …

Bile acids (BAs) are evolutionally conserved molecules synthesized in the liver from
cholesterol and have been shown to be essential for lipid homeostasis. BAs regulate a …

Although obesity occurs in most of the patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), a fraction of
patients with T2D are underweight or have normal weight. Several studies have linked the …

There has been an upsurge of interest in the adipocyte coincident with the onset of the
obesity epidemic and the realization that adipose tissue plays a major role in the regulation …