Background Flower coloration is a key enabler for pollinator attraction. Floral visual signals
comprise several components that are generated by specific anatomical structures and …

Research in the honeybee has laid the foundations for our understanding of insect colour
vision. The trichromatic colour vision of honeybees shares fundamental properties with …

Color vision extracts spectral information by comparing signals from photoreceptors with
different visual pigments. Such comparisons are encoded by color-opponent neurons that …

Color vision is an important sensory capability that enhances the detection of contrast in
retinal images. Monochromatic animals exclusively detect temporal and spatial changes in …

The capacity to explore soft tissue structures in detail is important in understanding animal
physiology and how this determines features such as movement, behaviour and the impact …

In recent years, bumblebees have become a prominent insect model organism for a variety
of biological disciplines, particularly to investigate learning behaviors as well as visual …

For most model organisms in neuroscience, research into visual processing in the brain is
difficult because of a lack of high-resolution maps that capture complex neuronal circuitry …

Colour vision enables animals to detect and discriminate differences in chromatic cues
independent of brightness. How the bee visual system manages this task is of interest for …

Connectomics has become a standard neuroscience methodology in a few model animals,
1 with the visual system being a popular target of study. 2–5 Combining connectomics with …

Bees discriminate between many different colours of flower petals, but it is not well
understood how they perceive and learn patterns frequently found in flowers with colourful …