This review summarizes recent advances in sensors based on photonic crystal technologies
for biomedical sensing applications. Photonic crystal sensing offers enormous promise due …

Photonic crystals are alternating structures widely used to design various types of logic
circuits. In this paper, a 2× 1 multiplexer is designed and simulated based on two …

An optical analog to digital converter (OADC) comprises two main components: a nonlinear
demultiplexer and an optical encoder. The nonlinear multiplexer converts the continuous …

Photonic crystals are periodic structures made of insulators. They are the best option to
design biosensors. In this paper, a photonic crystal biosensor containing insulation rods in …

In this research, an all-optical half-subtractor is designed and simulated using two-
dimensional photonic crystals. First, a photonic crystal structure is created using Si rods in …

Photonic crystals are suitable structures for designing various types of optical logic circuits.
In this paper, an all-optical comparator is designed and simulated using two-dimensional …

A comparator is one of the important combinational logic circuits. An optical comparator was
designed and simulated based on photonic crystals. Point and linear defects were also used …

This paper explores the design and simulation of a majority gate with three inputs based on
the resonance ring of 2D photonic crystals. The design of this gate uses a ring resonator and …

In this research, an all-optical NOR gate is designed and simulated based on two-
dimensional photonic crystals. A square lattice has been used to design this structure. This …

In the present work, a high-speed optical encoder is proposed based on two-dimensional
photonic crystal ring resonator using coupled mode theory and resonance effect. Square …