It has been established that 4.4 to 20% of the general population suffers from a major
depressive disorder (MDD), which is frequently associated with a dysregulation of normal …

Aim Symptoms of bipolar disorder (BD) include changes in mood, activity, energy, sleep,
and appetite. Since many of these processes are regulated by circadian function, circadian …

Gene-environment interactions impact the development of neuropsychiatric disorders, but
the relative contributions are unclear. Here, we identify gut microbiota as sufficient to induce …

Reports of sleep disturbances in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common
in both children and adults; however, the aetiology of such disturbances is poorly …

Background Major depressive disorder is associated with disturbed circadian rhythms. To
investigate the causal relationship between mood disorders and circadian clock disruption …

Adenosine receptor subtypes, first described 40 years ago, are known to regulate diverse
biological functions and have a role in various conditions, such as cerebral and cardiac …

The discovery of a third type of photoreceptors in the mammalian retina, intrinsically
photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), has had a revolutionary impact on …

Conventional antidepressants require 2–8 weeks for a full clinical response. In contrast, two
rapidly acting antidepressant interventions, low-dose ketamine and sleep deprivation (SD) …

An association with circadian clock function and pathophysiology of aging, major depressive
disorder (MDD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is well established and has been proposed …

Many psychiatric disorders are characterized by circadian rhythm abnormalities, including
disturbed sleep/wake cycles, changes in locomotor activity, and abnormal endocrine …