The majority of acquired hearing loss, including presbycusis, is caused by irreversible
damage to the sensorineural tissues of the cochlea. This article reviews the intracellular …

The mammalian cochlea is the sensory organ of hearing with a delicate, highly organised
structure that supports unique operating mechanisms. ATP release from the secretory …

The lives of an estimated ten million people in the United States are impacted by debilitating
cochlear noise injury acquired in leisure or occupational settings (Kopke et al., 2007) …

Abstract P2X and P2Y nucleotide receptors are described on sensory neurons and their
peripheral and central terminals in dorsal root, nodose, trigeminal, petrosal, retinal and …

Abstract Reactive blue 2 (RB-2) had been characterized as a relatively potent
ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase) inhibitor with some …

Ecto-nucleotidases are nucleotide metabolizing enzymes that are divided into four different
families; nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases), ecto-5′-nucleotidase …

Animal-based studies have provided important insights into the structural and functional
consequences of noise exposure on the cochlea. Yet, less is known about the molecular …

Background Cerebral ischemia is usually characterized by a reduction in local blood flow
and metabolism and by disruption of the blood-brain barrier in the infarct region. The …

Background MEK1/2 is a serine/threonine protein that phosphorylates extracellular signal-
regulated kinase (ERK1/2). Cerebral ischemia results in enhanced expression of …

Adenosine is a signalling molecule that modulates cellular activity in the central nervous
system and peripheral organs via four G protein-coupled receptors designated A1, A2A …