Background The World Health Organization (WHO) stated in March 2016 that there was
scientific consensus that the mosquito-borne Zika virus was a cause of the neurological …

The second annual Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza Conference, which took place in
February 2007 in Arlington, Virginia, focused on recent progress in basic and clinical …

In the GRADE approach, the strength of a recommendation reflects the extent to which we
can be confident that the composite desirable effects of a management strategy outweigh …

Direct evidence comes from research that directly compares the interventions in which we
are interested when applied to the populations in which we are interested and measures …

Objectives To describe the grading of recommendations assessment, development and
evaluation (GRADE) interactive evidence to decision (EtD) frameworks for tests and test …

Background: Systematic reviews of randomized, controlled trials in patients with influenza
suggest a lack of evidence about the effects of antiviral therapy on several patient-important …

Planning for a future influenza pandemic should include considerations specific to pregnant
women. First, pregnant women are at increased risk for influenza-associated illness and …

Clinical practice guidelines are one of the foundations of efforts to improve health care. In
1999, we authored a paper about methods to develop guidelines. Since it was published …

An increasing number of organizations worldwide are using new and improved standards
for developing trustworthy clinical guidelines. One of such approaches, developed by the …

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and tuberculosis
are three leading causes of death in China, where prevalences of smoking and solid-fuel …