The element oxygen has three stable isotopes: 16O, 17O, and 18O. For a defined process, a
change in 18O/16O scales with the corresponding change in 17O/16O, or the fractionation …

Variation in both 18O/16O and 17O/16O ratios in natural materials can now be measured
with unprecedented precision, with a broad range of potential geochemical applications. In …

Molten I-type cosmic spherules formed by heating, oxidation and melting of extraterrestrial
Fe, Ni metal alloys. The entire oxygen in these spherules sources from the atmosphere …

The estimated contribution of “primary” combustion sulfate to the total atmospheric sulfate
flux is inconsistent, hindering our interpretation of the atmospheric “missing sulfate”. We …

Sulfate is the most abundant electron acceptor in the ocean today. A large fraction of the
buried organic matter in marine sediments is re-mineralized through microbial sulfate …

Analyzing classic 18O/16O ratios in solids, liquids and gases has proven useful in almost
every branch of earth science. As reviewed in this book, additional 17O analysis generally …

The triple oxygen isotopic composition of gypsum mother water (gmw) is recorded in
structurally bonded water in gypsum (gsbw). Respective fractionation factors have been …

Soil water dynamics within a vadose (unsaturated) zone is a key component in the
hydrologic cycle, especially in arid regions. In applying the Craig-Gordon evaporation model …

Nitrate and nitrite play key roles in the nitrogen cycle on Earth's surface. The isotope
fractionation during nitrate reduction on enzymatic level involves multiple steps, including …

Abstract Natural perchlorate (ClO 4−) exists in many places on Earth, in lunar regolith,
meteorites, and on the surface of Mars. Terrestrial natural ClO 4− has widely variable Cl and …