Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are often considered a “safe substitute” for conventional
cigarette cessation. The composition of the fluid is not always clearly defined and shows a …

Unconventional oil and gas (UOG) operations have the potential to increase air and water
pollution in communities located near UOG operations. Every stage of UOG operation from …

Formaldehyde (FA) is the leading cause of cellular injury and oxidative damage in testis that
is one of the main infertility causes. There has been an increasing evidence of herbal …

Objective The genes Bcl-2 and Bax play important roles in apoptosis. Many studies have
shown that formalin has a strong deleterious effect on male fertility and can induce …

Castration is frequently used to reduce aggressive behavior and improve the meat quality of
animals. Traditionally, surgical and mechanical castration are used to sterilize the animals …

Objectives: Nowadays, a lot of attention has been paid to the therapeutic properties of herbs,
including evaluation of the effects of these plants on fertility in laboratory animals. Apium …

Abstract Purpose of Review This review aims to provide relevant, aggregate information
about a variety of disinfectants and antiseptics, along with potential utility and limitations …

Importance The potential effects of long-term occupational exposure to formaldehyde (FA)
on human semen quality is not clear. Objective To assess whether long-term occupational …

Background: Formaldehyde (FA) is a sensitizing agent that can produce an effective immune
system response upon initial exposure. FA that can be used in many industries, medical and …

As an important reactive carbonyl compound, formaldehyde (FA) existing in various parts of
the organism and plays an important role in cognitive ability and memory formation …