Eye tracking is becoming increasingly popular in physics education research (PER). As
technology has advanced considerably in recent years and has become more user friendly …

In this discussion paper, teaching and learning are characterized as being situated,
complex, and reciprocally interactive activities. Accordingly, a teacher's pedagogical actions …

Being a professor at the university is associated with the acquisition of sufficient domain
knowledge and skills to teach. On the other hand, there is a constant need to update and …

Motivating students and sustaining their attention are essential for online classes in higher
education. In particular, effective and efficient online communication between students and …

IoT-based multimodal learning analytics promises to obtain an in-depth understanding of the
learning process. It provides the insights for not only the explicit learning indicators but also …

Is metacognitive ability a predictor of creative performance? Previous studies have produced
conflicting findings. To clarify whether this relationship exists, the current study used eye …

Instructors who teach digital literacy skills are increasingly faced with the challenges that
come with larger student populations and online courses. We asked an educator how we …

Reading comprehension is a central skill in secondary education. To be able to provide
adaptive instruction, teachers need to be able to accurately estimate students' reading …

Background Examining student attention in physical classrooms is crucial, but it faces
challenges due to the lack of accurate monitoring. Constraints posed by device limitations …

Purpose Attention is one of the most important factors to affect the academic performance of
students. Effectively analyzing students' attention in class can promote teachers' precise …