The link between university graduation and liberal values is well‐established and often
taken as evidence that higher education participation causes attitudinal change …

Ageing is often believed to induce a movement towards the right of the political spectrum.
Yet, empirical evidence remains inconclusive due to a dearth of longitudinal datasets …

Hospitality, where unions are rare, is a significant employer of women, youth and migrants,
many of whom work as temps and part-timers. This translates into modest livelihoods and …

Many studies document an association between education and civic engagement, but few
establish credible causal links due to limited data. In 2021, Taiwanese voters decided on …

The “modern” gender vote gap–where women are generally more supportive of left parties
than men–is established in many Western democracies. Whilst it is linked to societal …

Across Western democracies, education levels are predictive of immigration attitudes and
voting for new left or far right parties. What explains education-based political divides? This …

This Element documents long-term changes in the politicalattitudes of occupational groups,
shifts in the salience of economic and cultural issues, and the movement of political parties …

Democracy is under threat across the globe and a third wave of autocratization manifests in
democratic regression and authoritarian hardening. However, although universities have …

Like much of the European centre-left, Britain's Labour Party has struggled to appeal to its
former core working class support base in recent years. However, this is largely a failure to …

Profound changes in the nature of class cleavages in advanced capitalist economies have
been documented in recent years. Some have posited that the increasingly educated nature …