Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a novel class of crystalline porous materials,
consisting of metal ions and organic linkers. These hybrid materials possess exceptional …

Over the past several decades, mRNA vaccines have evolved from a theoretical concept to a
clinical reality. These vaccines offer several advantages over traditional vaccine techniques …

Self-assembly is a growth mechanism in nature to apply local interactions forming a
minimum energy structure. Currently, self-assembled materials are considered for …

Chitosan, a versatile amino polysaccharide biopolymer derived from chitin, exhibits broad-
spectrum antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic microorganisms, including gram …

For several biomedical applications, it is essential to develop novel bioactive materials.
Such biomaterials could potentially improve wound healing, prevent infections, or be used in …

This review discusses peptide epitopes used as antigens in the development of vaccines in
clinical trials as well as future vaccine candidates. It covers peptides used in potential …

Therapeutic tumor vaccines have attracted considerable attention in the past decade; they
can induce tumor regression, eradicate minimal residual disease, establish lasting immune …

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is an emerging tumor treatment that produces highly toxic
hydroxyl radicals (· OH) by activating the Fenton reaction in tumors to kill tumor cells. CDT is …

Transdermal drug delivery presents a less invasive pathway, circumventing the need to pass
through the gastrointestinal tract and liver, thereby reducing drug breakdown, initial …

Peptide-based subunit vaccines utilise minimal immunogenic components (ie peptides) to
generate highly specific immune responses, without triggering adverse reactions. However …