Abstract The Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, is one of the largest annual mass
gatherings in the world, and has a strong impact on international public health. This paper …

Abstract Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has become a severe community
health threat across the world. Covid-19 is a major illness, presently there is no as such any …

Abstract Background The Islamic Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca is one of the world's largest
annual mass gatherings. Inevitable overcrowding during the pilgrims' stay greatly increases …

The planned annual Hajj to the holy shrines in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, is recognized as one
of the largest recurring religious mass gatherings globally, and the outbreak of infectious …

This systematic review aims to summarize the incidence and etiology of diarrheal illness
among pilgrims attending the Hajj and Umrah. Gastroenteritis and diarrhea have been …

Mass gatherings pose a set of serious health risks to attendees. Yet, the risks at mass
gatherings have not been systematically reviewed and categorised, and there has been a …

Background Arbaeen is an annual religious procession in Iraq with an estimated 17–20
million participants. Public health risks associated with such a mass gathering can be …

Background Food and water-borne diseases (FWBDs) are a health risk at the Hajj mass
gathering. The current study documented the prevalence and management of …

Background Respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms and febrile illness are the most
common complaints among ill pilgrims attending the Grand Magal of Touba (GMT) in …

Introduction: Every year 2-3 million pilgrims with different background and most of them are
elderly from 184 countries in the world congregate in the holy place 'Haram'at Makkah in …