A growing number of initiatives at global, regional and national scales propose to plant
millions, billions or even trillions of trees as a simple solution to resolve complex …

Invasive plant species can hinder the establishment and growth of native plants and impact
several ecosystem properties, such as soil cover, nutrient cycling, fire regimes and …

Chapter 2, building on prior assessments, provides a global assessment of the observed
impacts and projected risks of climate change to terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems …

Extensive ecosystem restoration is increasingly seen as being central to conserving
biodiversity and stabilizing the climate of the Earth. Although ambitious national and global …

Despite the looming land scarcity for agriculture, cropland abandonment is widespread
globally. Abandoned cropland can be reused to support food security and climate change …

Mitigating climate change cost-effectively requires identifying least-cost-per-ton GHG
abatement methods. Here, we estimate and map GHG abatement cost (US pertCO2) …

Tropical forests are being deforested worldwide, and the remaining fragments are suffering
from biomass and biodiversity erosion. Quantifying this erosion is challenging because …

United Nations established 2021–2030 as the decade for ecosystem restoration and
“prevent, halt and reverse the degradation of ecosystems worldwide”. Ecosystem and land …

Forest and landscape restoration is a promising strategy for improving water, energy and
food securities. We advocate that 'forest security'should form a fourth, foundational …

Biological invasions are one of the leading causes of global environmental change and their
impacts can affect biodiversity, ecosystem services, human health and the economy. Yet, the …