The development of the ability to throw projectiles for distance, speed, and accuracy was a
watershed event in human evolution. We hypothesize that throwing first arose in threat …

Sex estimation of skeletal remains is an important aspect of forensic anthropology. The
clavicle is a bone with relatively high accuracy in sex determination. In this study, 7 …

Bones can reflect the basic framework of human body and may provide valuable information
about the biological identity of the deceased. They, often, survive the morphological …

Background Sex estimation is crucial to forensic examinations. In order to estimate sex,
intact bones are used if the majority of bones are severely deformed and recovered in …

As natural disasters or crimes, precise postmortem identification is needed especially in
case of unknown human remains. The aim of the study is to assess sexual dimorphism by …

Background Clavicle fractures represent approximately 2.6∼ 4% of all fractures. The
management of midshaft clavicle fractures is a topic of debate. The evaluation of clavicular …

Background: Precise sex assessment relies over dimorphic dimensions measuring among
unknown human remains is a necessary prerequisite for individuals' identification. Clavicle …

The clavicle and the sternum are important bones of the anterior thoracic skeleton that are
commonly found well preserved in forensic contexts. To assess the concurrent suitability of …

Background: Identification is the determination of the individuality of a person based on
certain physical characteristics. The clavicle is one of the bones which is less explored but …

As natural disasters or crimes, precise postmortem identification is needed especially in
case of unknown human remains. The aim of the study is to assess sexual dimorphism by …