Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a typical intervention treating drug-refractory
dystonia. Currently, the selection of the better target, the GPi or STN, is debatable. The …

Dystonia pathogenesis remains unclear; however, findings from basic and clinical research
suggest the importance of the interaction between the basal ganglia and cerebellum. After …

Frontal circuits play a critical role in motor, cognitive and affective processing, and their
dysfunction may result in a variety of brain disorders. However, exactly which frontal …

Aim This is a long-term open follow-up of a prospective double-blind crossover study, where
electrodes were bilaterally implanted in both the Subthalamic nucleus (STN) and internal …

Introduction Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition with immediate impact on the
individual's health and quality of life. Major functional recovery reaches a plateau 3–4 …

Abstract Background Neurosurgical ablation of Forel's field H1 for cervical dystonia, which is
currently abandoned, was formerly used in the 1960s–1970s. Regardless of the lack of …

Introduction This work aims to assess the accuracy of robotic assistance guided by a
videometric tracker in deep brain stimulation (DBS). Methods We retrospectively reviewed a …

High performance of transparent conductive Cu-based Ga: ZnO (GZO) multilayer thin films
deposited on flexible substrates are achieved by two Al 2 O 3 barrier layers and oxygen. The …

Subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been proven to be an
alternative target choice for refractory isolated cervical dystonia (CD). However …

Introduction Although the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has proven to be a safe and effective
target for deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the treatment of primary dystonia, the rates of …