Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is emphysema and/or chronic bronchitis
characterised by long-term breathing problems and poor airflow. The prevalence of COPD …

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibit dominant features of
chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and/or asthma, with a common phenotype of airflow …

Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is an alarmin cytokine from the IL-1 family. IL-33 is localized in the
nucleus and acts there as a gene regulator. Following injury, stress or cell death, it is …

COPD is recognized as having a series of comorbidities potentially related to common
inflammatory processes. Periodontitis is one of the most common human inflammatory …

There has been increasing interest in using pulmonary biomarkers to understand and
monitor the inflammation in the respiratory tract of patients with chronic obstructive …

Background Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway that is characterized by
a Th2-type of immune response with increasing evidence for involvement of Th17 cells. The …

Health initiatives worldwide demand affordable point-of-care devices to aid in the reduction
of morbidity and mortality rates of high-incidence infectious and noncommunicable …

Air pollution in Milan causes health concern due to the high concentrations of particulate
matter (PM10 and PM2. 5). The aim of this study was to investigate possible seasonal …

Smokers with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have a chronic inflammation of
the entire tracheobronchial tree characterized by an increased number of macrophages and …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex, heterogeneous collection of
conditions characterized by irreversible expiratory airflow limitation. The disease involves a …