Interactions between the immune system and the nervous system have been described
mostly in the context of diseases. More recent studies have begun to reveal how certain …

Sleep disturbances including insomnia independently contribute to risk of inflammatory
disorders and major depressive disorder. This review and overview provides an integrated …

Molecules involved in innate immunity affect sleep and circadian oscillators and vice versa.
Sleep-inducing inflammatory molecules are activated by increased waking activity and …

This review summarizes the brain mechanisms controlling sleep and wakefulness.
Wakefulness promoting systems cause low-voltage, fast activity in the …

Sleep is a complex physiological process that is regulated globally, regionally, and locally
by both cellular and molecular mechanisms. It occurs to some extent in all animals, although …

It is a common belief that we are more susceptible to infections when deprived of sleep.
Consistent with this, there is increasing evidence that sleep deprivation has detrimental …

Interleukin-1 beta (IL1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) promote non-rapid eye
movement sleep under physiological and inflammatory conditions. Additional cytokines are …

The transcription factor NF-κB has diverse functions in the nervous system, depending on
the cellular context. NF-κB is constitutively activated in glutamatergic neurons. Knockout of …

Background: The extent to which sleep loss may predispose astronauts to a state of altered
immunity during extended space travel prompts evaluation with ground-based models …

Introduction The stress response is different in various individuals, however, the
mechanisms that could explain these distinct effects are not well known and the molecular …