Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is a prevalent global
infectious disease and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Currently, the only available …

Despite remarkable progress in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, it remains
a significant global health burden, necessitating the development of an effective prophylactic …

Sialyl Lewisa (sLea), also known as cancer antigen 19‐9 (CA19‐9), is a tumor‐associated
carbohydrate antigen. The overexpression of sLea on the surface of a variety of cancer cells …

Herpes zoster (HZ), also known as shingles, remains a significant global health issue and
most commonly seen in elderly individuals with an early exposure history to varicella-zoster …

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are promising nanotools for the development of subunit vaccines
due to high immunogenicity and safety. Herein, we explored the versatile and effective …

Opioid use disorder (OUD) has become a public health crisis, with recent significant
increases in the number of deaths due to overdose. Vaccination can provide an attractive …

Despite recent advancements in cancer treatment, this disease still poses a serious threat to
public health. Vaccines play an important role in preventing illness by preparing the body's …

Novel goose parvovirus (NGPV), a genetic variant of goose parvovirus, has been spreading
throughout China since 2015 and mainly infects ducklings with the symptoms of growth …

Viral nanoparticles (VNPs) have emerged as crucial tools in the field of biomedicine.
Leveraging their biological and physicochemical properties, VNPs exhibit significant …

New technological platforms, such as mRNA and adenoviral vector vaccines, have been
utilized to develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. These new modalities …