Several mechanisms underlying tumor progression have remained elusive, particularly in
relation to transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Although TGF-β initially inhibits epithelial …

In addition to its role in calcium homeostasis and bone formation, a modulatory role of the
active form of vitamin D on cells of the immune system, particularly T lymphocytes, has been …

Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells are non-recirculating cells that exist throughout the
body. Although TRM cells in various organs rely on common transcriptional networks to …

Presence of TGFβ in the tumor microenvironment is one of the most relevant cancer immune-
escape mechanisms. TGFβ is secreted in an inactive form, and its activation within the tumor …

Memory CD8+ T cells can be broadly divided into circulating (T CIRCM) and tissue-resident
memory T (T RM) populations. Despite well-defined migratory and transcriptional …

Antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in chronic viral infections and tumors functionally deteriorate,
a process known as exhaustion. Exhausted T cells are sustained by precursors of exhausted …

Skin-resident CD8+ T cells include distinct interferon-γ–producing [tissue-resident memory T
type 1 (TRM1)] and interleukin-17 (IL-17)–producing (TRM17) subsets that differentially …

Liver injury results in rapid regeneration through hepatocyte proliferation and hypertrophy.
However, after acute severe injury, such as acetaminophen poisoning, effective …

Transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) is a major immunosuppressive cytokine that maintains
immune homeostasis and prevents autoimmunity through its antiproliferative and anti …

Following antigen-driven expansion in lymph node, transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is
required for differentiation of skin-recruited CD8+ T cell effectors into epidermal resident …