After a long period of biological evolution, natural creatures will inevitably evolve body
surfaces suitable for the living environment. The functions of natural biological surfaces are …

In the past decades, drag-reduction surfaces have attracted more and more attention due to
their potentiality and wide applications in various fields such as traffic, energy transportation …

Bio-inspired designs have been serving as a great inspiration for Aerodynamists for the past
several decades. The biological features of each species have evolved through generations …

The energy crisis of the 1970s sparked growing concern over minimizing fuel consumption
in water, land, and air transportation. Researchers fascinated by sharks' effortless swimming …

Compared with uniform structures, functionally graded lattice structures can control
mechanical properties through varying structures and their volume fraction. In this study, a …

Inspired by the drag-reducing properties of the cone-like spines and elastic layer covering
the pufferfish skin, important efforts are underway to establish rational multiple drag …

Flow control is the attempt to favorably modify a flow field's characteristics compared to how
the flow would have developed naturally along the surface. Natural flyers and swimmers …

As natural predators, owls fly with astonishing stealth due to the serrated feather morphology
that produces advantageous flow characteristics. Traditionally, these serrations are tailored …

To explore the deepest regions of the ocean with high flexibility and environmental
adaptability, deep-sea soft robots have been developed recently. One prominent example is …

Bioelectronics aims to design electronic devices which can be fully integrated within tissues
to monitor or stimulate specific cell functions. The main challenge is the engineering of the …