Agricultural development, extensive industrialization, and rapid growth of the global
population have inadvertently been accompanied by environmental pollution. Water …

Electrodialysis (ED) is a multipurpose technology that can be used for treating acidic
effluents containing metal species. Its continuous operation capacity, scalability, and easy …

Bipolar membranes (BPMs) are a special class of ion-exchange membranes constituted by
a cation-and an anion-exchange layer, allowing the generation of protons and hydroxide …

Electrodialysis, a membrane separation method, uses an electrical potential difference to
separate ions in aqueous solutions. Electrodialysis is used in several industries for the …

Due to their controlled and manipulative optical, electronic, mechanical, molecular, and
thermal properties, 2D MXenes-based sensors are emerging as high-performance analytical …

Brine, also known as concentrate, is the by-product of the desalination process that has an
adverse impact on the environment due to its high salinity. Hence, viable and cost-effective …

With the increasing severity of global water scarcity, a myriad of scientific activities is
directed toward advancing brackish water desalination and wastewater remediation …

Rapid population growth and industrialization have contributed to a dramatic decline in the
supply of freshwater. As a result, desalination is an important choice to solve the global …

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) hold great promise in the removal of organic
contaminants. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in AOPs react with target pollutants …

Water scarcity has been a global challenge for many countries over the past decades, and
as a result, reverse osmosis (RO) has emerged as a promising and cost-effective tool for …