Hikikomori, a severe form of social withdrawal, has long been observed in Japan mainly
among youth and adolescents since around the 1970s, and has been especially highlighted …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental illness characterized by persistent
low mood and anhedonia, normally accompanied with cognitive impairment. Due to its rising …

The importance of tryptophan as a precursor for neuroactive compounds has long been
acknowledged. The metabolism of tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway and its …

Background Chronic pain is frequently comorbid with depression in clinical practice.
Recently, alterations in gut microbiota and metabolites derived therefrom have been found …

Background There is now evidence that affective disorders including major depressive
disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are mediated by immune-inflammatory and nitro …

Since optimal treatment at an early stage leads to remission of symptoms and recovery of
function, putative biomarkers leading to early diagnosis and prediction of therapeutic …

Suicide is one of the most disastrous outcomes for psychiatric disorders. Recent advances in
biological psychiatry have suggested a positive relationship between some specific brain …

Background: Lipid profile disturbances are frequently observed in major depressive disorder
(MDD) and constitute to high mortality rates. However, less is known about whether this risk …

The gut microbiota is increasingly recognized to modulate brain function by recent studies
demonstrating the central effects of various gut microbial manipulation strategies. Our …

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) currently lacks a robust and well-defined biomarker that
can 1) assess the progression of the disease, 2) predict and/or delineate the various clinical …