Lyme disease Borrelia are obligately parasitic, tick-transmitted, invasive, persistent bacterial
pathogens that cause disease in humans and non-reservoir vertebrates primarily through …

In little more than 30 years, Lyme disease, which is caused by the spirochaete Borrelia
burgdorferi, has risen from relative obscurity to become a global public health problem and a …

Borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochete that causes Lyme disease, is maintained in nature via an
enzootic cycle that comprises a tick vector and a vertebrate host. Transmission from the tick …

Lyme disease is caused by transmission of the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi from ticks to
humans. Although much is known about B. burgdorferi replication, the routes and …

Pathogens that traffic in blood, lymphatics, or interstitial fluids must adopt strategies to evade
innate immune defenses, notably the complement system. Through recruitment of host …

Borrelia (Borreliella) burgdorferi, along with closely related species, is the etiologic agent of
Lyme disease. The spirochete subsists in an enzootic cycle that encompasses acquisition …

Cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) is a bacterial second messenger that modulates many
biological processes. Although its role in bacterial pathogenesis during mammalian infection …

Two‐component systems (TCS) are universal among bacteria and play critical roles in gene
regulation. Our understanding of the contributions of TCS in the biology of the Borrelia is just …

Borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochetal agent of Lyme disease, is a vector-borne pathogen that
cycles between a mammalian host and tick vector. This complex life cycle requires that the …

Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease in the US, with at least 25,000
cases reported to the CDC each year. B. burgdorferi is thought to enter and exit the …