The modern concepts on the origin of electroconvection (EC) are surveyed briefly and the
known mechanisms of this phenomenon are classified. Factors that influence the EC …

Electrodialysis is mostly used for drinking water production but it has gained applicability in
different new fields in recent decades. Membrane characteristics and ion transport …

For about 60 years, it is known that “limiting current” density does not really limit the current
density in electrodialysis (ED). The use of intensive currents allows one to decrease the area …

This work provides an overview of the processes of fouling, the deposition of substances on
the surface or in the pores of membranes, leading to deterioration of their performance …

There has been increasing evidence that micro and messenger RNA derived from
exosomes play important roles in pancreatic and other cancers. In this work, a microfluidics …

Competition between homogeneous and heterogeneous ion-exchange membranes (IEMs)
lasts for decades. Low fraction of conductive surface area, Θ, of IEMs causes lower limiting …

Ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) are increasingly used in dialysis and electrodialysis
processes for the extraction, fractionation and concentration of valuable components, as well …

When integrated into microfluidic chips, ion-selective nanoporous polymer and solid-state
membranes can be used for on-chip pumping, pH actuation, analyte concentration …

Membrane scaling and subsequent cleaning efficiency are major factors limiting commercial
applications of electrodialysis. The generation of OH− ions during water splitting at the …

Surface modification of ion-exchange membranes is already proved to be an effective and
low-cost way to improve membrane properties. Usually, the object of modification are cation …