Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered to be chemically reactive with and
damaging to biomolecules including DNA, protein, and lipid, and excessive exposure to …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disease affecting millions globally.
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality in patients with advanced …

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have high cardiovascular mortality and morbidity
and a high risk for developing malignancy. Excessive oxidative stress is thought to play a …

Inflammation and oxidative stress are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic
kidney disease in humans, and in chronic renal failure (CRF) in rats. The aim of this work …

Moderate levels of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important for various
cellular activities, but high levels lead to toxicity and are associated with various diseases …

Hemodialysis has saved many lives, albeit with significant residual mortality. Although poor
outcomes may reflect advanced age and comorbid conditions, hemodialysis per se may …

Background The prevalence of aluminum (Al) intoxication has declined over the past 3
decades. However, different groups still report on the diagnosis of Al in bone. Prolonged and …

BACKGROUND: Most dialysis patients receiving erythropoesis-stimulating agents (ESA)
also receive parenteral iron supplementation. There are few data on the risk of …

Polyethersulfone (PES) based membranes are used for dialysis, but exposure to blood can
result in numerous interactions between the blood elements and the membrane. Adsorption …

Background Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death
among hemodialysis patients; it has been attributed to increased oxidative stress …