Reactive oxygen species (ROS, partial reduction or derivatives of free radicals) are highly
reactive, dangerous and can cause oxidative cell death. In addition to their role as toxic by …

Climate change is an invisible, silent killer with calamitous effects on living organisms. As
the sessile organism, plants experience a diverse array of abiotic stresses during …

Various environmental stresses singly or in combination generate excess amounts of
reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and impaired redox homeostasis …

Each year, abiotic stress conditions such as drought, heat, salinity, cold and particularly their
different combinations, inflict a heavy toll on crop productivity worldwide. The effects of these …

Climate change has increased the overall impact of abiotic stress conditions such as
drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures on plants. Abiotic stress adversely affects the …

Abiotic stresses strongly affect plant growth, development, and quality of production; final
crop yield can be really compromised if stress occurs in plants' most sensitive phenological …

Water deficiency compromises plant performance and yield in many habitats and in
agriculture. In addition to survival of the acute drought stress period which depends on plant …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are signaling molecules essential for plant responses to
abiotic and biotic stimuli as well as for multiple developmental processes. They are …

Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are universal enzymes of organisms that live in the
presence of oxygen. They catalyze the conversion of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen …

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of polyhydroxylated plant steroid hormones that are
crucial for many aspects of a plant's life. BRs were originally characterized for their function …