Cells from all three domains of life, Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya, produce extracellular
vesicles (EVs) which are sometimes associated with filamentous structures known as …

Interaction of microbes with their environment depends on features of the dynamic microbial
surface throughout cell growth and division. Surface modifications, whether used to acquire …

The capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans is its dominant virulence factor and plays a key
role in the biology of this fungus. In this essay, we focus on the capsule as a cellular …

Exosome-like vesicles containing virulence factors, enzymes, and antigens have recently
been characterized in fungal pathogens, such as Cryptococcus neoformans and …

Pathogenic and nonpathogenic species of bacteria and fungi release membrane vesicles
(MV), containing proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids, into the extracellular milieu …

Several microbial molecules are released to the extracellular space in vesicle-like
structures. In pathogenic fungi, these molecules include pigments, polysaccharides, lipids …

Highlights•A major threat to human health are pathogenic fungi.•There is now burgeoning
evidence that fungi release extracellular vesicles (EVs), which may have a profound impact …

Highlights•Fungi use extracellular vesicles to export a wide range of molecules.•Fungal
extracellular vesicles contain many cytoplasmic molecules that lack secretory …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate non-conventional transport of molecules across the
fungal cell wall. We aimed at describing the carbohydrate composition and surface …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous vesicular organelles that perform a variety of
biological functions including cell communication across different biological kingdoms. EVs …