The topological properties of an object, associated with an integer called the topological
invariant, are global features that cannot change continuously but only through abrupt …

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) has aroused a widespread interest in many fields,
especially in telecommunications due to its potential for unleashing new capacity in the …

Since 5G new radio comes with non-standalone (NSA) and standalone (SA) versions in
3GPP, research on 6G has been on schedule by academics and industries. Though 6G is …

Orbital angular momentum (OAM), which describes the “phase twist”(helical phase pattern)
of light beams, has recently gained interest due to its potential applications in many diverse …

Metasurfaces have been extensively studied for generating electromagnetic waves carrying
orbital angular momentum (OAM). In particular, programmable metasurfaces enable real …

One property of electromagnetic waves that has been recently explored is the ability to
multiplex multiple beams, such that each beam has a unique helical phase front. The …

The recognition in the 1990s that light beams with a helical phase front have orbital angular
momentum has benefited applications ranging from optical manipulation to quantum …

The purpose of this paper is to survey and assess the state-of-the-art in automatic target
recognition for synthetic aperture radar imagery (SAR-ATR). The aim is not to develop an …

In this paper, ultra-thin metalenses are proposed to generate converging and non-diffractive
vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) in microwave region. Phase …

The standard development of 5G wireless communication culminated between 2017 and
2019, followed by the worldwide deployment of 5G networks, which is expected to result in …