In this article we develop the concept that the hippocampus and the midbrain dopaminergic
neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) form a functional loop. Activation of the loop …

The anterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) has been recognized as a critical
structure in regulating trait anxiety, contextual fear memory, and appetitive behavior, and is …

The role of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system in the reinforcement of learning suggests
that dopamine should be able to modulate activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. We have …

Dopamine is a major neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Receptors for this
catecholamine are of considerable interest, as they are the principal target of drugs …

The external globus pallidus (GP e) of the basal ganglia is in a unique and powerful position
to influence processing of motor information by virtue of its widespread projections to all …

Dopamine D2‐like receptors (D2, D3, and D4) are major targets for action of typical and
atypical neuroleptics, commonly used in the treatment of schizophrenia. To understand their …

The distributions of the transcripts encoding the five dopamine receptors have been
determined in the human striatum and selected regions of the neocortex. In the striatum …

Mesocortical dopamine (DA) is a key neurotransmitter in cognitive processes and is involved
in schizophrenia and antipsychotic drug action. DA exerts a highly complex modulation of …

The cDNA for the dopamine D3 receptor was isolated and characterized in 1990.
Subsequent studies have indicated that D3 receptors, as well as D3 receptor mRNA, are …

The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is widely acknowledged as a brain structure
that regulates stress and anxiety states, as well as aversive and appetitive behaviours. The …