In addition to their conventional role as a conduit system for gases, nutrients, waste products
or cells, blood vessels in the skeletal system play active roles in controlling multiple aspects …

Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) are members of the mitogen-
activated protein kinase super family that can mediate cell proliferation and apoptosis. The …

MAP Kinases | Chemical Reviews ACS ACS Publications C&EN CAS Find my institution Log In
Chemical Reviews ACS Publications. Most Trusted. Most Cited. Most Read Quick View Share …

The roles of the JAK/STAT, Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathways and
the BCR-ABL oncoprotein in leukemogenesis and their importance in the regulation of cell …

The Ras-Raf-MAPK pathway regulates diverse physiological processes by transmitting
signals from membrane based receptors to various nuclear, cytoplasmic and membrane …

Protein kinase-mediated signaling cascades constitute the major route by which cells
respond to their extracellular environment. Of these, three well-characterized mitogen …

Ras proteins function as signal transducers and are mutationally activated in many human
cancers. In 1993, Raf was identified as a key downstream effector of Ras signaling, and it …

The Ser/Thr kinase Raf-1 is a protooncogene product that is a central component in many
signaling pathways involved in normal cell growth and oncogenic transformation. Upon …

Nerve growth factor (NGF) induces dramatic axon growth from responsive embryonic
peripheral neurons. However, the roles of the various NGF-triggered signaling cascades in …

Abstract Background: Histone deacetylases (HDACs) modulate chromatin structure by
regulating acetylation of core histone proteins. HDAC inhibitors, such as depsipeptide …