Exosomes have emerged as a promising cell-free therapeutic approach. However,
challenges in large-scale production, quality control, and heterogeneity must be overcome …

Although immunotherapy harnessing activity of the immune system against tumors has
made great progress, the treatment efficacy remains limited in most cancers. Current …

The osteoblast/osteoclast and M1/M2 macrophage ratios play critical roles in delayed
fracture healing. Robust osteoblast differentiation and M2 macrophage polarization can …

Despite the multiple ongoing and novel initiatives for developing brain-targeted drug
delivery systems, insurmountable obstacles remain. A perfect drug delivery device that can …

Natural plants have been gaining increasing attention in biomedical research due to their
numerous benefits. One of the plant's components, plant exosome-derived vesicles, are …

A bio-inspired strategy has recently been developed for camouflaging nanocarriers with
biomembranes, such as natural cell membranes or subcellular structure-derived …

Exosomes are becoming increasingly important therapeutic biomaterials for use in a variety
of therapeutic applications due to their unique characteristics, especially due to the …

Extracellular vesicles (eg, exosomes) carrying various biomolecules (eg, proteins, lipids,
and nucleic acids) have rapidly emerged as promising platforms for many biomedical …

Exosomes are lipid bilayer membrane vesicles and are emerging as competent
nanocarriers for drug delivery. The clinical translation of exosomes faces many challenges …

At present, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are widely used in the biomedical field. They
have unique advantages in targeted drug delivery, imaging and disease treatment …