Early adolescent substance use dramatically increases the risk of lifelong substance use
disorder (SUD). An adolescent sensitive period evolved to allow the development of risk …

Fear motivates different types of defensive behaviors. These behaviors are, however, not
mere byproducts of fear. In this review, we highlight a bi-directional relationship between …

Anxiety disorders are common in adolescence but outcomes for adolescents are unclear
and we do not know what factors moderate treatment outcome for this age group. We …

Objective: Although both pediatric and adult patients with anxiety disorders exhibit similar
neural responding to threats, age-related differences have been found in some functional …

Adverse childhood experiences can deleteriously affect future physical and mental health,
increasing risk for many illnesses, including psychiatric problems, sleep disorders, and …

Background Comorbidity of anxiety disorders, stressor-and trauma-related disorders, and
substance use disorders is extremely common. Moreover, therapies that reduce pathological …

Hippocampal adult neurogenesis has been associated to many cognitive, emotional, and
behavioral functions and dysfunctions, and its status as a selected effect or an “appendix of …

Given the profound influence that early life experiences can have upon psychosocial
functioning later in life, it is intriguing that most adults fail to recall autobiographical events …

Adolescent alcohol exposure increases the risk of developing alcohol use disorders (AUDs),
yet the mechanisms responsible for this vulnerability remain largely unknown. One potential …

Anxiety is an emotional state generally expressed as sustained apprehension of the
environment and elevated vigilance. It has been widely reported in vertebrates and, more …