Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia.
High blood sugar can produce long-term complications such as cardiovascular and renal …

Abstract Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is one of the most serious global health problems and is
mainly a result of the drastic increase in East Asia, which includes over a fourth of the global …

Abstract Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7–36) amide (GLP-1) is a secreted peptide that acts as a
key determinant of blood glucose homeostasis by virtue of its abilities to slow gastric …

OBJECTIVE To examine whether a pistachio-rich diet reduces the prediabetes stage and
improves its metabolic risk profile. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Prediabetic …

Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) fail to secrete insulin in response to increased glucose
levels that occur with eating. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent …

The physiological role of the TGR5 receptor in the pancreas is not fully understood. We
previously showed that activation of TGR5 in pancreatic β cells by bile acids induces insulin …

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of three or more metabolic disorders including insulin
resistance, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. Obesity has become the epidemic of the twenty-first …

Abstract 3′–5′-Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP or cAMP) was first
described in 1957 as an intracellular second messenger mediating the effects of glucagon …

Background Bariatric procedures excluding the proximal small intestine improve glycemic
control in type 2 diabetes within days. To gain insight into the mediators involved, we …

Insulin-producing β-cells in pancreatic islets are regulated by systemic cues and, locally, by
adjacent islet hormone-producing 'non-β-cells'(namely α-cells, δ-cells and γ-cells). Yet …