Pluronicв block copolymers are recognized pharmaceutical excipients listed in the US and
British Pharmacopoeia. The incorporation of drugs into Pluronic micelles results in …

Ethosomes are noninvasive delivery carriers that enable drugs to reach the deep skin layers
and/or the systemic circulation. Although ethosomal systems are conceptually sophisticated …

Blockade of the immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1 with monoclonal antibodies demonstrated
unprecedented clinical efficacies in many cancers. But the orally available low molecular …

Saponins are bioactive compounds of increasing interest. The events that take place during
digestion are highly related to their bioactivities, because saponins are poorly absorbed and …

The therapeutic efficacy of orally administered drugs is often restricted by their inherent
limited oral bioavailability. Low water solubility, limited permeability through the intestinal …

Introduction Biomacromolecules have proven to be an attractive choice for treating diseases
due to their properties of strong specificity, high efficiency, and low toxicity. Besides greatly …

New therapeutics such as antisense oligonucleotides, small interfering RNA and peptide-
drug conjugates are taking great relevance in the pharmaceutical industry due to their …

Vibrio cholerae causes cholera, an acute diarrhoeal disease. The virulence in V. cholerae is
regulated by the quorum-sensing mechanism and response regulator LuxO positively …

Purpose Caco-2 cells are used extensively for in vitro prediction of intestinal drug
absorption. However, toxicity of excipients and formulations used can artificially increase …

Permeation enhancers (PEs) are compounds aimed to increase intestinal uptake of oral
drugs with poor bioavailability. This mini-review focuses on results recently obtained with …