Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy—ranging from immune-checkpoint blockade
therapy to adoptive cellular therapy and vaccines—have revolutionized cancer treatment …

Somatic mutations in cancer cells can generate tumour-specific neoepitopes, which are
recognized by autologous T cells in the host. As neoepitopes are not subject to central …

Cancer vaccines aim to direct the immune system to eradicate cancer cells. Here we review
the essential immunologic concepts underpinning natural immunity and highlight the …

Recent advances in machine learning and experimental biology have offered breakthrough
solutions to problems such as protein structure prediction that were long thought to be …

Cancer immunoediting is a hallmark of cancer that predicts that lymphocytes kill more
immunogenic cancer cells to cause less immunogenic clones to dominate a population …

T cells are important for effective viral clearance, elimination of virus-infected cells, and long-
term disease protection. To examine the full spectrum of CD8+ T cell immunity in COVID-19 …

Checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapies that target cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4
(CTLA4) or the programmed cell death 1 (PD1) pathway have achieved impressive success …

Malignant transformation of cells depends on accumulation of DNA damage. Over the past
years we have learned that the T cell–based immune system frequently responds to the …

The T cell receptor (TCR) complex is a naturally occurring antigen sensor that detects,
amplifies and coordinates cellular immune responses to epitopes derived from cell surface …

Cancer-specific T cells are required for effective anti-cancer immunity and have a central
role in cancer immunotherapy. However, emerging evidence suggests that only a small …