For machine translation, a vast majority of language pairs in the world are considered low-
resource because they have little parallel data available. Besides the technical challenges …

As an interdisciplinary area of research, translation studies attracts students and scholars
with a wide range of backgrounds, who then need to face the challenge of accounting for a …

Electronic texts and text analysis tools have opened up a wealth of opportunities to higher
education and language service providers, but learning to use these resources continues to …

Corpus Linguistics has revolutionised the world of language study and is an essential
component of work in Applied Linguistics. This book, now in its second edition, provides a …

The Routledge Companion to Translation Studies brings together clear, detailed essays
from leading international scholars on major areas in Translation Studies today. This …

Recent studies in the field of Machine Translation (MT) and Natural Language Processing
(NLP) have shown that existing models amplify biases observed in the training data. The …

Much research in translation studies indicates that translated texts are ontologically different
from original non-translated ones. Translated texts, in any language, can be considered a …

While it is has often been observed that the product of translation is somehow different than
non-translated text, scholars have emphasized two distinct bases for such differences. Some …

The language that we produce reflects our personality, and various personal and
demographic characteristics can be detected in natural language texts. We focus on one …

With a strong focus on interdisciplinarity, the handbook surveys concepts and methods in
neighbouring disciplines that are concerned with cognition and how they relate to …