The moment of the fertilization of an egg by a spermatozoon—the point of “sperm success”—
is a key milestone in the biology of sexually reproducing species and is a fundamental …

Sperm have been known to be antigenic for more than a century. There is a strong body of
evidence that in humans and in other species at least some antibodies that bind to sperm …

Reports on the influence of semen parameters on natural or assisted pregnancy are
contradictory, suggesting that the many confounding variables which contribute to outcome …

Antisperm antibodies (ASA), as a cause of male infertility, have been detected in infertile
males as early as 1954. Multiple causes of ASA production have been identified, and they …

Reproductive failures include infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Although the
relative importance of immunological factors in human reproduction remains unclear, there …

BACKGROUND Several studies have examined the relationship between direct antisperm
antibody (ASA) levels in semen and pregnancy rate after advanced assisted reproductive …

Conventional IVF (c-IVF) is one of the most practiced assisted reproductive technology
(ART) approaches used worldwide. However, in the last years, the number of c-IVF …

Introduction: controversies on the significance of antisperm-antibodies still remain 3.
Mechanisms of fertility impairment 3.1. Effect on semen quality 3.2. Interference with cervical …

Autoimmune reactions against the sperm cells play an ambiguous role in fertility impairment.
The objective of this study was to characterize functional deficit of sperm conditioned by …

Male factors are implicated as the cause of roughly half of cases of infertility, and the
presence of antisperm antibodies (ASA) may be responsible for some of these. Their …