Background Opioid dependency is a chronic relapsing disorder for which different
therapeutically interventions have been developed. Naltrexone is a non-selective opioid …

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Flowers from Styrax japonicus sieb. et Zucc. have
been used as a Chinese folk medicine to alleviate pain such as toothache and sore throat …

Opioids, amphetamines, and other types of substances have been widely abused around
the world. Opioid dependence and tolerance are two distinct phenomena that have been …

Kratom dependence among adolescent, even though underreported, is increasing in
prevalence in Southeast Asia. Kratom can be simply misused with a great possible addiction …

MDMA (3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is a psychoactive substance that is
associated with neurotoxicity. MDMA exposure to human results in the degeneration of …

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death all over the world. Recent
epidemiological studies have shown a rising trend of cardiovascular disease among the …

The usage of morphine for analgesic purposes are widely known, usually for the post-
operation procedure and as chronic pain management. However, addiction and overdose …