Vitamin D, best known for its role in skeletal health, has emerged as a key regulator of innate
immune responses to microbial threat. In immune cells such as macrophages, expression of …

Influenza is an acute viral respiratory infection that affects all age groups and is associated
with high mortality during pandemics, epidemics, and sporadic outbreaks. Nearly 10% of the …

Vitamin D deficiency, characterized by low circulating levels of calcifediol (25-
hydroxyvitamin D, 25D) has been linked to increased risk of infections of bacterial and viral …

Background In the spring of 1918, the “War to End All Wars”, which would ultimately claim
more than 37 million lives, had entered into its final year and would change the global …

Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are globally challenging due to widespread circulation and
high mortality rates. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) strains like H5N1 have …

Infectious diseases remain as the major causes of human and animal morbidity and
mortality leading to significant healthcare expenditure in India. The country has experienced …

Influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus,
coronaviruses, and rhinoviruses are among the most common viruses causing mild …

Infectious diseases, also known as transmissible or communicable diseases, are caused by
pathogens or parasites that spread in communities by direct contact with infected individuals …

Influenza and COVID-19 are infectious diseases with significant burdens. Information and
awareness on preventative techniques can be spread through the use of social media …

Influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and SARS-COV2 are among the most
dangerous respiratory viruses. Zinc is one of the essential micronutrients and is very …