Species persistence in the Anthropocene is dramatically threatened by global climate
change. Large emissions of carbon dioxide (CO 2) from human activities are driving …

Inferring from patterns observed in biomedical research, ecoimmunological theory predicts
that oxidative stress is a ubiquitous physiological cost that contributes to generating variation …

Climate warming is expected to affect the vulnerability of sympatric species differentially due
to their divergent traits, but the underlying physiological mechanisms of those impacts are …

The acute phase response (APR) is an evolutionarily well-conserved part of the innate
immune defense against pathogens. However, recent studies in bats yielded surprisingly …

The global impact of pollution on human and wildlife health is a growing concern. The health
impacts of pollution are significant and far-reaching yet poorly understood as no one field of …

Human activity changes multiple factors in the environment, which can have positive or
negative synergistic effects on organisms. However, few studies have explored the causal …

Low-oxygen levels (hypoxia) in aquatic habitats are becoming more common because of
global warming and eutrophication. However, the effects on the health/disease status of …

Understanding immunity in wildlife populations is important from both One Health and
conservation perspectives. The constitutive innate immune system is the first line of defence …

Alopecia is characterized by the thinning and loss of hair or fur, and has been observed in
different marine carnivores. Until recently, there were no records of alopecia in marine …

Bats are particularly interesting vertebrates in their response to pathogens owing to
extremes in terms of tolerance and resistance. Oxidation is often a by-product of processes …