The use of exosomes in clinical settings is progressively becoming a reality, as clinical trials
testing exosomes for diagnostic and therapeutic applications are generating remarkable …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are gaining increasing attention for diagnostic and therapeutic
applications in various diseases. These natural nanoparticles benefit from favorable safety …

Extracellular vesicles are a heterogeneous group of cell-derived membranous structures
comprising exosomes and microvesicles, which originate from the endosomal system or …

Since the discovery of MHC molecules, it has taken 40 years to arrive at a coherent picture
of how MHC class I and MHC class II molecules really work. This is a story of the proteases …

Antigenic peptide-loaded MHC class II molecules (peptide–MHC class II) are constitutively
expressed on the surface of professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including …

Discovered in the late 1980s as an extracellular vesicle of endosomal origin secreted from
reticulocytes, exosomes recently gained scientific attention due to its role in intercellular …

In the 1980s, exosomes were described as vesicles of endosomal origin secreted from
reticulocytes. Interest increased around these extracellular vesicles, as they appeared to …

Ubiquitination has emerged as a crucial mechanism that regulates signal transduction in
diverse biological processes, including different aspects of immune functions. Ubiquitination …

T cell recognition of antigen-presenting cells depends on their expression of a spectrum of
peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) and class II (MHC-II) …

Lysosomes are the primary catabolic compartments of eukaryotic cells. They degrade
extracellular material that has been internalized by endocytosis and intracellular …