Instrumental learning is driven by a history of outcome success and failure. Here, we
examined the impact of serotonin on learning from positive and negative outcomes. Healthy …

Addiction is the continuation of a habit in spite of negative consequences. A vast literature
gives evidence that this poor decision-making behavior in individuals addicted to drugs also …

Probabilistic reinforcement learning declines in healthy cognitive aging. While some findings
suggest impairments are especially conspicuous in learning from rewards, resembling …

Objectives: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with altered sensitivity to reward and
punishment. Few studies have investigated whether this results in aberrant learning. The …

Anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder
(SAD), and panic anxiety disorder (PAD), are a group of common psychiatric conditions …

Real-world learning signals often come in the form of a continuous range of rewards or
punishments, such as receiving more or less money or other reward. However, in laboratory …

Background Outcome feedback which indicates behavioral consequences are crucial for
reinforcement learning and environmental adaptation. Nevertheless, outcome information in …

Depression is highly comorbid among individuals with Parkinson's Disease (PD), who often
experience unique challenges to accessing and benefitting from empirically supported …

Introduction: Aberrations in feedback learning are hypothesised to contribute to the
behavioural disruptions and impairment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) …

The rodent ventral and primate anterior hippocampus have been implicated in approach–
avoidance (AA) conflict processing. It is unclear, however, whether this structure contributes …