Through their many and varied metabolic functions, mitochondria power life. Paradoxically,
mitochondria also have a central role in apoptotic cell death. Upon induction of …

Members of the caspase family of proteases play essential roles in the initiation and
execution of apoptosis. These caspases are divided into two groups: the initiator caspases …

Drug-tolerant persister cells (persisters) evade apoptosis upon targeted and conventional
cancer therapies and represent a major non-genetic barrier to effective cancer treatment …

Active cell death, in its many forms, is a fundamental biological process. Studies over the
past several decades have explored the functions and consequences of cellular demise and …

Apoptosis shapes development and differentiation, has a key role in tissue homeostasis,
and is deregulated in cancer. In most cases, successful apoptosis is triggered by …

Cancer cells employ both conventional oxidative metabolism and glycolytic anaerobic
metabolism. However, their proliferation is marked by a shift towards increasing glycolytic …

Metabolic reprogramming is widely observed during cancer development to confer cancer
cells the ability to survive and proliferate, even under the stressed, such as nutrient-limiting …

Apoptotic cell death is widely considered a positive process that both prevents and treats
cancer. Although undoubtedly having a beneficial role, paradoxically, apoptosis can also …

Apoptotic cell death inhibits oncogenesis at multiple stages, ranging from transformation to
metastasis. Consequently, in order for cancer to develop and progress, apoptosis must be …

The mammalian brain depends upon glucose as its main source of energy, and tight
regulation of glucose metabolism is critical for brain physiology. Consistent with its critical …