Opioids depress minute ventilation primarily by reducing respiratory rate. This results from
direct effects on the preBötzinger Complex as well as from depression of the …

The world view of rodents is largely determined by sensation on two length scales. One is
within the animal's peri-personal space; sensorimotor control on this scale involves active …

Breathing is regulated automatically by neural circuits in the medulla to maintain
homeostasis, but breathing is also modified by behavior and emotion. Mice have rapid …

Key points The main cause of death from opioid overdose is respiratory depression due to
the activation of µ‐opioid receptors (MORs). We conditionally deleted MORs from neurons in …

The circuit organization within the mammalian brainstem respiratory network, specifically
within and between the pre-Bötzinger (pre-BötC) and Bötzinger (BötC) complexes, and the …

The ability of neuronal networks to reconfigure is a key property underlying behavioral
flexibility. Networks with recurrent topology are particularly prone to reconfiguration through …

Overdoses caused by the opioid agonist fentanyl have increased exponentially in recent
years. Identifying mechanisms to counter progression to fatal respiratory apnea during …

The retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) contains chemosensitive cells that distribute CO2-
dependent excitatory drive to the respiratory network. This drive facilitates the function of the …

The respiratory rhythm is generated by the interaction of oscillators disparately distributed
throughout the pons, medulla, and spinal cord. According to the classic model, the …

Key points Contraction of abdominal muscles at the end of expiration during metabolic
challenges (such as hypercapnia and hypoxia) improves pulmonary ventilation. The …