The modeling of paleoclimate, using physically based tools, is increasingly seen as a strong
out-of-sample test of the models that are used for the projection of future climate changes …

Paleoclimatic records provide valuable information about Holocene climate, revealing
aspects of climate variability for a multitude of sites around the world. However, such data …

Paleoclimate modelling has long been regarded as a strong out-of-sample test-bed of the
climate models that are used for the projection of future climate changes. For the first time …

A mismatch between model-and proxy-based Holocene climate change, known as the
“Holocene conundrum”, may partially originate from the poor spatial coverage of climate …

Following the protocol of the fourth phase of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison
Project (PMIP4), we performed numerical experiments targeting distinctive past time periods …

During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), a very cold and dry period around 26.5–19 kyr BP,
permafrost was widespread across Europe. In this work, we explore the possible benefit of …

Abstract The Indian Ocean exhibits multiple modes of interannual climate variability, whose
future behaviour is uncertain. Recent analysis of glacial climates has uncovered an …

This study presents the application of an interactive downscaling in Europe using
iLOVECLIM (a model of intermediate complexity), increasing its atmospheric resolution from …

Due to different orbital configurations, high northern latitude summer insolation was higher
during the Last Interglacial period (LIG; 129–116 thousand years before present, ka) than …

It has been well established that during the late Quaternary, the Khvalynian transgression of
the Caspian Sea occurred, when the sea level rose tens of meters above the present level …