Biomass-to-liquid thermochemical routes are the leading green alternatives for producing
sustainable hydrocarbon fuels in the near future, including bio-jet fuel. Fast pyrolysis is …

Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) using heterogeneous catalysts has received considerable
attention as a way of converting biomass-derived oxygenates into renewable fuels and …

Fast pyrolysis converts> 60 wt% of lignocellulosic materials into bio-oil. The two-step bio-oil
hydrotreatment concept has had a major impact in the development of bio-oil hydro …

In recent decades, the quest for renewable and sustainable alternatives, namely
biomass/bio waste, has been prompted by rising environmental concerns, demand, and the …

Fast pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) have been regarded as the most
promising thermochemical conversion technologies for liquid bio-fuels production. However …

The high oxygen content of pyrolysis bio-oil with many organic functional groups in it limits
its direct application as a blendstock. The upgradation of biomass-derived oxygenates into …

Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation is an essential step for bio-oil upgrading. However,
hydrodeoxygenation usually requires a high hydrogen pressure and high temperature due …

The liquefaction of biomass is an important technology to converse the biomass into
valuable biofuel. The common technologies for liquefaction of biomass are indirect …

The increase in energy demands and problems related to fossil fuels have encouraged the
development of suitable renewable energies as petroleum alternatives. Fast pyrolysis is a …

Green and renewable bio-diesel prepared from oils catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) will
have a great impact on clean energy structure and industrial application. The core issue of …