Energy level schemes are an essential tool for the description and interpretation of atomic
spectra. During the last 40 years, several empirical methods and relationships were devised …

Infrared nonlinear optical (IR NLO) crystals are of quite significance in the development of
laser technology, yet rationally designing new IR NLO crystal that can satisfy all the property …

Balancing the key performance metrics, such as a large second harmonic generation (SHG)
response and a wide band gap, is an extremely important but intractable challenge for the …

Luminescence in Eu 2+ activated materials corresponds to a transition from an excited state
where the lowest Eu 5 d level is filled with one electron [often called the (Eu 2+)* state] to the …

The structural and luminescence properties of chalcogenide semiconductor Ca x Ba 1− x Ga
2 S 4 solid solutions (x= 0.1–0.9) doped with 7 at% of Eu 2+ ions were studied at room …

The photoluminescence (PL) of CaGa 2 S 4: Pr 3+ chalcogenide semiconductor compound
is studied. The PL spectrum consists of a set of intense sharp lines at 494, 631, 654, and 741 …

Divalent lanthanide inorganic compounds can exhibit unique electronic configurations and
physicochemical properties, yet their synthesis remains a great challenge because of the …

The detailed investigation of Ca x Ba 1− x Ga 2 S 4: Eu 2+ solid solutions
photoluminescence caused by 5d→ 4f electronic transitions in Eu 2+ ions with x value from …

Materials exhibiting mechanoluminescence (ML) are a class of smart materials capable of
mechanical-to-light energy conversion. Thus, ML materials have been widely used in …

The photoluminescence (PL) in the visible spectral range of Ca 0.5 Ba 0.5 Ga 2 S 4 solid
solutions activated with ions of rare-earth elements Eu 2+ and Er 3+ has been studied in the …