Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are evolutionarily conserved proteins that
function as key signal transduction components in fungi, plants, and mammals. During …

Mycoviruses (viruses of fungi) are ubiquitous throughout the fungal kingdom and are
currently classified into 23 viral families and the genus botybirnavirus by the International …

The decade since the publication of the third edition of this volume has been an era of great
progress in biology in general and the plant sciences in particular. This is especially true …

Extraradical mycelia of mycorrhizal fungi are normally the hidden half of the symbiosis, but
they are powerful underground influences upon biogeochemical cycling, the composition of …

Phytopathogens secrete effector proteins to manipulate their hosts for effective colonization.
Hemibiotrophic fungi must maintain host viability during initial biotrophic growth and elicit …

In the rhizosphere, exudates from plants and microorganisms as well as stable soil organic
matter influence processes that can control plant growth, microbial infections, and nutrient …

The soilborne filamentous fungus Trichoderma virens is a biocontrol agent with a well-
known ability to produce antibiotics, parasitize pathogenic fungi, and induce systemic …

The mycorrhiza helper Pseudomonas fluorescens BBc6R8 promotes the presymbiotic
survival and growth of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor S238N in the soil.• An in …

The interaction between the mycorrhiza helper bacteria Streptomyces nov. sp. 505 (AcH
505) and Streptomyces annulatus 1003 (AcH 1003) with fly agaric (Amanita muscaria) and …

Abstract Background The basidiomycete Moniliophthora roreri is the causal agent of Frosty
pod rot (FPR) disease of cacao (Theobroma cacao), the source of chocolate, and FPR is one …