One leading hypothesis suggests that memories are stored in ensembles of neurons (or
'engram cells') and that successful recall involves reactivation of these ensembles. A logical …

Fear memory is the best-studied form of memory. It was thoroughly investigated in the past
60 years mostly using two classical conditioning procedures (contextual fear conditioning …

Prevailing models of exposure therapy for phobias and anxiety disorders construe level of
fear throughout exposure trials as an index of corrective learning. However, the evidence …

CREB and its close relatives are now widely accepted as prototypical stimulus-inducible
transcription factors. In many cell types, these factors function as effector molecules that …

Although theories of early social development emphasize the advantage of mother-infant
rhythmic coupling and bidirectional coordination, empirical demonstrations remain sparse …

▪ Abstract The cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) is a nuclear protein that
modulates the transcription of genes with cAMP responsive elements in their promoters …

Over the course of natural history, countless animal species have evolved adaptive
behavioral systems to cope with dangerous situations and promote survival. Emotional …

J. Neurochem.(2011) 116, 1–9. Abstract Since its initial characterization over 20 years ago,
there has been intense and unwavering interest in understanding the role of the …

Dr. Jacqueline N. Crawley, author of the First and Second Editions of What's Wrong with My
Mouse? Behavioral Phenotyping of Transgenic and Knockout Mice, continues to field calls …

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors increase histone acetylation and enhance both
memory and synaptic plasticity. The current model for the action of HDAC inhibitors assumes …