Analyses of strategic agenda-setting in the European Union treat the European Commission
as a unitary actor with perfect information. Yet, the constraints for correctly anticipating …

The complexity of public policies has repeatedly been identified as a key challenge for
modern democracies. Yet, we know only very little about the origins of this complexity …

When and how does public opinion affect the delegation choices of legislators in the EU?
We argue the European Parliament and the Council of Ministers limit the discretion of the …

One key question in the study of the European Union has always been the extent of
Commission discretion. We take the discretion index, typically used by principal–agent …

Scholars employ two main measures of the executive constraints embedded in European
Union laws: one is based on the variation in the use of different types of restrictions, and the …

Drawing on a principal–agent framework the article analyses the European Union (EU)
politics of delegation in the post-Maastricht era. By means of statistical analysis, it tests the …

Over the past 30 years European Union legislators have established 34 agencies invested
with a wide array of executive tasks. How significant are these new institutions in the …

This study investigates how nationality and partisanship, two personal attributes of
Commissioners, influence member states' bargaining success in EU law making. Building …

This article aims to examine the effect of intra-institutional conflicts in the European
Commission on the extent of changes made to legislative proposals in trilogue negotiations …

The EP plays a crucial role in defining the power of implementing agencies in the EU. In this
article, we move beyond the 'unitary actor'approach to the EP and examine the influence of …